Category: American Studies

The purpose of the Historical Review Project is threefold:
1) to choose a special education leadership and administration topic/question and investigate the importance, significance, and impact of this chosen topic pertaining to its history, 2) to demonstrate knowledge and application of the current APA formatting and writing style, and 3) to be able to articulate a biblical worldview concerning the historical topic chosen.
INSTRUCTIONS
You will write a 1,500 word APA-formatted final paper in which you select a special
education topic and discuss how the treatment of the topic has changed over time. The paper
must include a title, abstract, and reference page. The paper must include a minimum of five
secondary scholarly sources. You must synthesize all research into a well-blended paper that
clearly addresses the research topic/question presented in your Historical Review Project:
Outline Assignment.
Paper Components:
1. Title Page
a. Title: The title summarizes the paper and its focus. The title must be clear
enough to give the reader an idea of what to expect in your paper. Avoid
statements that sound vague or flippant.
b. Other Title Page Information:
a. Student Name
b. Institution
2. Abstract
a. The abstract content is on its own page, following the title page.
b. Write a clear, concise, and grammatically sound paragraph (100–120 words).
c. The abstract is written last. The content is to be a synopsis of the main
findings of your paper. Consider this paragraph an abridged version of your
full paper.
3. Body Paragraphs and Headings
To ensure that your paper meets the requirements of the rubric, the following elements
must be clearly identified with headings.
Introduction
a. Although not labeled with a heading on your paper, this section will introduce
your topic and provide the specific research question that will be developed
throughout the paper (minimum of 250 words).
b. Discuss why you chose this particular Special Education topic and provide a
brief history of it. Give a broad overview of the scope of the work you are
reviewing.
c. Best practice is to place the research question at the end of the introduction. In
doing so, you are creating a transition to the rest of the paper that supports
your topic.
Importance
a. Why did you choose this topic?
b. What interested you in this topic?
c. Do you have any history with this topic?
Significance
a. Why is this topic significant or worthwhile to study?
b. What, if anything, can be learned from this topic?
Impact
a. How does this topic relate to current practices?
b. What important questions are answered/addressed/discussed at this present
time based on your topic?
c. Reflect on what has been learned from your study.
Biblical Worldview
a. From a biblical worldview, what are the issues this topic presents?
b. Offer alternative ideas which incorporate a solid biblical worldview. The use
of Scripture is appropriate in this section.
Conclusion
a. Your conclusion must relate to the introduction in some way so that your
paper displays coherence.
b. If your introduction includes a metaphor, quote, theme, etc., you may integrate
that content again.
c. A minimum of 250 words is expected.
4. References
1. Use at least five scholarly resources as your secondary resources as appropriate:
 The Bible
 Educational journals
 Books you have read that have influenced your worldview or educational
philosophy
2. Do not use Wikipedia or other wiki-type pages as sources in an academic paper.
Because it is an open environment, the information is constantly being changed
by registered users and is not always reliable.
5. Point of View
When writing in current APA style, you may use the first-person point of view when
discussing your opinions or what you have learned from writing your paper (“I
learned…”).
6. Tense
Current APA style requires authors to use the past tense or present perfect tense when
using signal phrases to describe earlier research; for example, “Jones (1998) found…” or
“Jones (1998) has found…
”
7. Pronoun Usage
Common writing problems include pronoun-antecedent agreement and the gender issue
of “he or she.”
8. Gender Issue
If you repeatedly use singular antecedents and follow them up with masculine pronouns,
this technique is considered sexist. For example, “Each teacher should manage his own
classroom.” Also problematic is if you redundantly use “he or she” and “his or her.” (Do
not use “he/she” or “his/her.”)
9. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
a. Pronouns must agree in number with their antecedents. It is incorrect to write,
“Each teacher [singular] should manage their [plural] own classroom.”
b. To assist in avoiding both of these problems, it is recommended that you write in
plural as consistently as possible. For instance, use students, principals, teachers,
parents, schools, etc., instead of their singular counterparts. Follow these
antecedents up with “they” or “their.” This avoids the gender issue altogether.
c. When you find that you must use a singular, you may periodically use “he or she”
or simply restructure the sentence to avoid the “he or she” if possible. Rare use of
this phrase is acceptable.
10. Academic Integrity
Plagiarized papers will be rejected. The following tips will help you avoid any problems
with plagiarism:
a. Direct Quotations: No more than 10 percent of your paper may be made up of
direct quotations. Short quotations must be in quotation marks, and longer
quotations must be indented. If you do not set off direct quotations in this manner
and cite them, you have plagiarized.
b. Ideas and Facts: If the idea or fact is not your own, you must cite its source.
When not directly quoting, you must summarize or analyze the idea in your own
words

HIST 131 Essay #1
The late 1800’s to the 1920’s was a transformative time for th

HIST 131 Essay #1
The late 1800’s to the 1920’s was a transformative time for the United States –
socially, economically and politically. Please choose one specific transformation
and analyze your transformation’s effect on the United States.
Your paper must:
– Be four pages long, about 1,000 words
– Double-spaced, Times New Roman, 12 point font with default margins
– Not waste space (proper heading, indentation, spacing…)
– Cite from at least five chapters from Unit One
– Cite at least five primary sources from Unit One
– Contain no grammatical errors
– Use third person
Inability to follow these guidelines will result in deductions from your essay’s final
grade. You must demonstrate the ability to analyze sources and place them in a
proper historical context. Please refer to the “Grading Rubric” on Cougar Courses
to understand what is expected for this essay to be successful.
If you have any issues about general essay writing, I encourage you to visit the
Writing Center: http://www.csusm.edu/writingcenter/workshops.htm
Essay Outline
Instructions:
Please fill out this worksheet in its entirety.
Please use complete sentences and specific page numbers when completing this outline.
Please use your own words, do not include direct quotations.
Thesis statement
(Between the late 1800s and early 1900’s, Americans and immigrants transformed America through the use of movement )
Main Topics – Please fill out the basic outline of your essay. You will need two main topics that contain two or three subtopics each.
Main Topic 1 – (social/cultural impact of people movingSubtopic 1 – (factory work, urbanization )
Subtopic 2 – (African Americans, moving out of south-> racism, no jobs in the south)
Subtopic 1 – (Native Americans)
Main Topic 2 – (Political/economic impacts of people moving)Subtopic 1 – imperialism)
Subtopic 2 – (western movement for money)
Subtopic 1 – (innovation->railroads
Citations from the Textbook – Please include one specific citation from the chapters covered in the essay unit and how that citation supports your thesis statement or larger historical argument. Do not use the same chapter twice.
(“massive new companies marshaled capital on an unprecedented scale and provided enormous profits that created unheard of fortunes. But it also created millions of low-paid, unskilled, unreliable jobs with long hours and dangerous working conditions.” (page 6)This one works with my topic because it highlights how new jobs were being created, and I can tie into how the creating of crossroads meant that people could move to cites or get to these new jobs )
(“Many were … silent on the plight of African Americans, Native Americans, and other oppressed minority groups (15) This one works because it shows how we were mistreating certain types of people (for this one I’m going to string it towards isolating Native Americans) and how it was normalized. Furthermore I can tie It into other groups such as African Americans.)
(“ When British author Rudyard Kipling visited Chicago in 1889, he describes a city captivated by technology and blinded by greed” (56) This works well for my paper because it shows how the world has been changing and how it seemed to an outsider.)
(Under the leadership of President Theodore Roosevelt, the United States emerged from the nineteenth century with ambitious designs on global power through military might, territorial expansion, and economic influence”(92) this is a good example of imperialism and the U.S spreading its metaphorical wings to fly to new heights.)
(“reform opened new possibilities for women’s activism in American public life and gave new impetus to the long campaign for women’s suffrage” (115) This is an example of life in America changing as women are now being a force in the work force and other aspects of American life”
“ He encourages Mormon residents of the territory to engage in agricultural pursuits and be cautios of the outsiders who arrived as the mining and railroads indusrtries developed in their region” (31)
Citations from the Primary Source Reader – Please include one specific primary source from the chapters covered in the essay unit and how that primary source supports your thesis statement or larger historical argument. Do not use the same primary source twice.
(Lucy Parsons on Women and revolutionary Socialism (1905). I chose this one because it deals with topics that I want to use on my paper as she was a woman who was born into slavery and advocated for change in the world)
(1. Chief Joseph on Indian Affairs (1877, 1879), this one works because it deals with how America was treating Native Americans at this time and how we were forcing them off their land to do with it what we wanted)
(6. Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives (1890), deals with concepts such as imperialism and shows how life has changed and how people could reach new highs in the world at that time.)
(3. James D. Phelan, “Why the Chinese Should Be Excluded” (1901), shows one the impacts of people moving into American and how we responded to it. Which is similar to one of my sub topics)
(1. Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. DuBois on Black Progress (1895, 1903), an example of African American life and how it has been changing due to the changes in the world around them)

Assignment: Short Paper # 3
Write the short paper # 3 on Federalism. Read
Chapte

Assignment: Short Paper # 3
Write the short paper # 3 on Federalism. Read
Chapter 3 on Federalism of your text book ( American Government in Black
and White: Diversity and Democracy by McClain Paula & Steven Tauber
). Keep the short paper -1500 words). Please
critically explain the idea of Federalism from political and historical
context, and how they relate to contemporary time. Talk specifically
about Dual Federalism and Cooperative Federalism. Writing
should reflect your own thinking and understanding of the subject
matter. Discuss how Supreme court cases and the overall economic &
political evolution of the United States helped move the country from
dual federalism to cooperative federalism. Always provide a good
introduction and conclusion of your own. Don’t rush while writing. Don’t
procrastinate and try to finish the assignment in last hours. Please
write correctly with proper citations; and should not make any
grammatical and spelling mistakes. Keep the Spirit.

What Does American Democracy Mean to Me – Nov. 23,
1939
Mary McLeod Bethune
Nove

What Does American Democracy Mean to Me – Nov. 23,
1939
Mary McLeod Bethune
November 23, 1939— New York, New York
America’s Town Meeting of the Air
Mary McLeod Bethune was a significant change agent for the African American community.
She was an important voice in relaying the ideas, causes, concerns and desires of minority
communities. Her views on American Democracy were important in 1939 and are just as
important in 2024, almost eighty-four years later.
Your assignment is to:
1. Read in its entirety Ms. Bethune’s speech entitled “What Does American Democracy
Mean to Me.”
2. Write a minimum 3-page synopsis of the speech to include your assessment of a.) her
description of democracy and what it meant to Black people in 1939; b.) what Ms.
Bethune’s main points and ideas are in the speech; c.) compare and contrast the political,
social, economic, educational, etc. status of Black people in 1939 to 2024 and how this
speech is applicable to the two different generations; d.) end with what would Ms.
Bethune think of American Democracy today?
3. Utilize various resources (other data/articles regarding this speech) to assist in your
understanding/analyzing of the contents of the speech. Use your investigative/research
skills to pull the speech apart to ensure your best response to the assignment.
4. YOUR SUBMISSION SHOULD BE DOUBLE SPACED, TIMES NEW ROMAN,
12 FT.
5. PAGES ARE TO BE FULL/COMPLETE TYPED PAGES, WRITTEN IN ESSAY
STYLE. Please include a cover page.
6. Work independently – any papers that are duplicates (same as another student’s) will
not be accepted and will be discarded

America’s Action Report
I AM SHOWING YOU PART 1 to get an idea of what the assig

America’s Action Report
I AM SHOWING YOU PART 1 to get an idea of what the assignment is like, but PART 2 is the most important part of the assignment and that is the part you are going to work on. it is due on April 10th at 11:30 am. I have linked 2 files. the first one is the document of the America’s Action Reports with the instructions and the second file is how the professor is going to grade our paper so make sure you look over that as well. I am doing immigration and to be more specific it is the pathway to citizenship but I am willing to switch my sub topic if there is an easier and better one that you want to do America is going through unprecedented changes in nearly every sector of society. Many of the changes
have far-reaching consequences. General topic areas are Energy/Environment; Immigration; Healthcare;
Foreign Policy; Economy; National Debt/Spending.
Part I: Discourse: In this report; in first person; each student can review the general impacts resulting in
important challenges facing America today. Strive for solution-driven ideas as you consider your perspectives
in these changing times. Be yourself. Assume a position of arbitration, negotiation, bargaining and
compromise for desired outcomes. You don’t have to become an expert in your topic area; just an
inquisitor, reporter or mediator. Use reason and sensibilities as you deliberate. Aim to offer concise,
informed assessment of research. Proportion and length of each Part is at your discretion.
Describe why this topic matters to you and how you believe it may impact your fellow Americans.
Once you describe and explain concerns and observations in your own words (first person) about your
policy of choice, then consider the ideological differences (public policy implies government action .i.e.
court rulings; laws or proposed legislation).
Please be sure that you have a clear understanding of ideological beliefs between conservative and liberals
in America (see your Bardes textbook). Then, you are better prepared to offer concentratedd insights,
perspectives and analysis.
Many sources for topic suggestions and research support are available on Cougar Courses by clicking on
“Modules”. Some sources to consider are “Think Tanks” listed below.
Conservative
Heritage Foundation: https://www.heritage.org/ and/or Hoover Institution:https://www.hoover.org/
Independent
Rand Corporation: https://www.rand.org/
Liberal
Center for American Progress: https://www.americanprogress.org/ and/or Brookings Institute:
https://www.brookings.edu/.
To the best of your ability, offer your findings analyzing the differences in the debate between political
ideologies i.e. liberal or Democrat versus conservative or Republican in your reporting. Focus on
conservative versus liberal viewpoints.
After understanding and reporting on the issues and ideological perspectives; then part of your delivery
will focus on the “public discourse” along with your own reflections, ideas, perspectives, insights and
thoughtful deliberation on possible resolutions or changes (opinions welcome but not required). Offer
factual and supportive evidence based on findings in the report that support and reflect your suggestions
and attitudes about the issues. Part II: Legislative Analysis: The “action” portion of this assignment requires that you find a piece of
Legislation that has been introduced or passed into law in Congress aligned (Court Ruling acceptable policy
action) with your chosen topic area. You are welcome to refer to more than one court ruling and/or
Congressional bill to choose a bill, go to the Library of Congress Website: Click at the top of the page for
the 117th Congress or the 118th Congress. Go to: https://www.congress.gov/advanced-search/legislati…
Find your bill and report on each of the following aspects of the Legislation. Go to search by
“word/phrase” or “Bill number”. Enter your information and click “search”. Once you locate the Bill, click
on the bill number e.g. H.R. 421 and include the following in your reporting:
1) Bill Number
2) Bill Title
3) Date it was introduced
4) Sponsor(s) and State
5) A brief summary of the Legislation (in your own words)
6) How does this bill relate to your chosen topic?
7) Your critical analysis of the Legislation
Formatting Requirements:
Paper is to be three
(3) pages, typed, double
spaced, with one inch
margins. Broken down
into the two (2) parts.
A minimum of four (4)
in-text citations and at
least two (2) sources
(besides the Library of
Congress) are
required. Too many
lengthy quotes can
result in point
deductions
Formatting will follow
the Modern Language
Association (MLA).
Include your name, title
of assignment, and
course number
Please be sure all
expression exhibits
decorum, scholarly,
academic qualities and
vocabulary
MLA Works Cited page
must be included as one
(1) document in the
submission. Works
Cited is a separate page
from the report.

Pick one historical figure or group on the list provided–each of these people o

Pick one historical figure or group on the list provided–each of these people or groups are connected to African American Military History from 1860 to1865. Tell the class the history of this person(s) or units as it relates to African American Military History and remember to cite where you found your information. Harriet Tubman’s service in the Civil War (1860 to 1865 history)
You may use your book and the internet to research sources to help you in your essay. For online sources, you must ask additional questions. What is the domain (.edu?)? Who publishes the site, or sponsors it? Is it recent (has it been updated)? Are there advertisements or signs that it is a poorly designed website with all kinds of distractions? Is the site supposed to be an academic one? Or is it someone’s pet project?
Remember that this is a formal essay and you need an introduction, body, and conclusion. Sources to use to help with research on these topics:
List of United States Colored Troops Civil War units
United States Colored Troops in the Civil War
Black Soldiers in the Civil War
United States Colored Troops (USCT)
The Role of the USCT in the Civil War
THE BRAVE BLACK REGIMENT:THE FIFTY-FOURTH MASSACHUSETTS [NFANTRY VOLUNTEERS(COLORED),
A History of the Negro Troops in the War of the Rebellion 1861186 – 978144009471.pdf
Civil War’s Black Soldiers
The Lost Black Units
Lest We Forget
Soldiers and Sailors database: Civil War

How did the Republican New Era of the 1920s mark a break from the Progressive po

How did the Republican New Era of the 1920s mark a break from the Progressive politics if 1900s-1910s?This paper minimum of 3 pages Maximum of 5 pages
***Follow the rules for writing*** in the announcements Be sure to cite and use Chicago Manual Style
See writing rules below.
Rules to follow:
1. Always have a thesis statement
2. Be sure your evidence answers and proves your thesis statement.
3. No 1st or 2nd person writing in a historical paper. (do not put yourself in the paper)
4. Past tense writing only!!! History happens in the past so only write in past tense.
5. Be sure to mention the book and document before quoting from it. 6. The name of the book and document should be in italics.
7. When you quote someone be sure to acknowledge who you are quoting, use correct punctuation, close the quote and insert a footnote.
8. Be sure to use Chicago Manual style
9. Standard rules for the paper: 1-inch margins, Times New Roman, 12 font and double space.
10. Use a header not a heading. Name-Class-Date 11. No contracted words.
12. No abbreviations I upload word document explain more how this paper should look like

How did the Republican New Era of the 1920s mark a break from the Progressive po

How did the Republican New Era of the 1920s mark a break from the Progressive politics if 1900s-1910s?This paper minimum of 3 pages Maximum of 5 pages
***Follow the rules for writing*** in the announcements Be sure to cite and use Chicago Manual Style
See writing rules below.
Rules to follow:
1. Always have a thesis statement
2. Be sure your evidence answers and proves your thesis statement.
3. No 1st or 2nd person writing in a historical paper. (do not put yourself in the paper)
4. Past tense writing only!!! History happens in the past so only write in past tense.
5. Be sure to mention the book and document before quoting from it. 6. The name of the book and document should be in italics.
7. When you quote someone be sure to acknowledge who you are quoting, use correct punctuation, close the quote and insert a footnote.
8. Be sure to use Chicago Manual style
9. Standard rules for the paper: 1-inch margins, Times New Roman, 12 font and double space.
10. Use a header not a heading. Name-Class-Date 11. No contracted words.
12. No abbreviations I upload word document explain more how this paper should look like

Slavery and the South: Slavery had many levels, job roles and ties to the econom

Slavery and the South: Slavery had many levels, job roles and ties to the economics of the South. Analyze the different types of duties and roles that enslaved people endured in America? How did the slave affect the economics of the South? How did the slave play a part in the nation’s financial success?
Explain how and why slavery expanded over time.
Analyze the impact of plantation slavery on African American slave families.
What were the limits of freedom on African Americans in the North? What were the characteristics of northern black communities? What institutions did African Americans rely on most?
Analytically compare and contrast African American life in the South versus the North. What about the Upper South and the Deep South?

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The ____ part of the for loop
runs first. (/8)
(A)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The ____ part of the for loop
runs first. (/8)
(A) Conditional (B) Body
(C) Initialization (D) Functions
2. Include statements are written
in ____ section. (/7)
(A) Header (B) Main
(C) Comments (D) Print
3. scanf is ___ in c language. (/6)
(A) Keyword (B) Library
(C) Function (D) None
4. There are _____ types of control
statements in c language. (/6)
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
5. If the size of the array is 100
then the range of indices will be
____. (/6)
(A) 0-99 (B) 0-100
(C) 1-100 (D) 2-2012
6. If a function body contains three
return statements, _____ of them
will be executed. (/6)
(A) One (B) Two
(C) Three (D) First and last
7 . A s oft w a re t ha t he l ps a
programmer write computer
programs is called ____. (/5)
(A) Compiler (B) Editor
(C) IDE (D) Debugger
8. Which of these lines of code is
correct? (/5)
(A) int = 20 (B) grade = ‘A’;
(C) line = this is a line (D) None
9. Which of these operators has
the highest priority? (/5)
(A) / (B) = (C) > (D) !
10. operator is used to calculate
______%. (/5)
(A) Percentage (B) Remainder
(C) Factorial (D) Square
11. Conditional logic helps in
____. (/5)
(A) Decisions (B) Repetitions
(C) Traversing (D) First three
12. If an if statement contains
another if statement, then this
structure is called ______. (/5)
(A) Nested (B) Boxed
(C) Repeated (D) Exposed
13. _____ makes it easier to write
and read values in an array. (/5)
(A) Loops (B) Conditions
(C) Expressions (D) Functions
14. The functions in the standard
library are called ___. (/5)
(A) User-defined (B) Built-in
(C) Repetition based
(D) Iterative
15. char cd () {return=’a’;} This
function contains ____”char”. (/5)
(A) Body (B) Return Type
(C) Hey (D) Argument Minutes
16. ____ refers to the transfer of
code to another function. (/5)
(A) Calling (B) Defining
(C) Rewriting (D) Including
17. To initialize a variable we use
_____ operator. (/4)
(A) (B) = (C) @ (D) ?
18. The _____ structure is always
used to repeat a set of
instructions over and over again.
(/4)
(A) Loop (B) Conditional
(C) Control (D) Data
19. Functions can be built-in or
____. (/4)
(A) Admin Defined
(B) Server Defined
(C) User defined (D) Both a and b
20. The values passed to the
function are called _____. (/4)
(A) Bodies (B) Return Types
(C) Hey (D) Argument
21. The advantages of using
functions are ____. (/4)
(A) Readability (B) Reusability
(C) Ease of debugging
(D) First three
22. ____ is software that converts
program files into code that a
machine can understand and run. (/3)
(A) Compiler (B) Editor
(C) IDE (D) Debugger
23. ____Values that do not change
while the program is running. (/3)
(A) Variables (B) Constants
(C) Strings (D) Comments
24. A float uses ____bytes of
memory. (/3)
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
25. ____is considered a container
for storing constants. (/3)
(A) Box (B) Jar
(C) Variable (D) Collection
26. getch() is used to get
______input from the user. (/3)
(A) int (B) float
(C) char (D) First three
27. What will be the value of
variable a after that part of the
code is executed? (/3)
Int a = 3;
float b = 2.2;
a = a – b;
(A) 8.8 (B) 0.8 (C) 8.0 (D) 8.2
28. What happens if the condition
in the if statement is not fulfilled?
(/3)
(A) The program stops.
(B) An index out of bounds error occurs
(C) The rest of the code starts running
(D) Compiler calls to change the
condition
29. Which of these conditions
indicates that c is a factor of a or
not? (/3)
(A) a%c==o (B) c%a==o
(C) a*c==o (D) a+c==o
30. The default control structure of
the C language is: (/3)
(A) Random control
(B) Sequential control
(C) Conditional control
(D) Repetition control
31. Loop within a loop is called:
(A) while loop (B) do while loop
(C) for loop (D) nested loop
32. elements of an array stored at
_____ locations in memory are
safe. (/3)
(A) Attached (B) Scattered
(C) Distributed (D) None
33. Readability helps code to
_____. (/3)
(A) To understand (B) To change
(C) Debugging (D) First three
34. A list of words that are already
defined and that the program
cannot use as names of its
variables is called ____. (/2)
(A) Auto words (B) Keywords
(C) Restricted words
(D) Pre-defined words
35. print f ______type to print data
is used. (/2)
(A) int (B) float
(C) char (D) First three
36. Which of these is not a type of
option operator? (/2)