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– The ability to communicate research findings effectively is crucial for succes

– The ability to communicate research findings effectively is crucial for success in the biological
sciences. This assignment will require you to produce a short written summary that effectively
communicates your results from the Natural Selection: Bacterial Transformation module.
The report includes several parts: an introduction and statement of the hypothesis you
tested, a description of the experimental set-up, results, and an evaluation of the hypothesis based
on the data obtained in your group’s experiment. The evaluation of the hypothesis should include
direct implications and broad implications from the experiment. The report must be submitted as a
single document via the Assignment (TurnitIn) link on CANVAS. All text shall be 12 pt. font.
– Introduction and Hypothesis statement (20%)
The first paragraph(s) of this section must be over the importance of the experiment. The
background information supplied should allow the reader to understand the theoretical and
practical necessity of the experiment. You need to cite one or two primary sources that relate to
the topic at hand, in this section. After the introductory paragraphs, the null and alternative
hypotheses shall be clearly stated for the experiment they were designed to test. (1 -2 sentences per
hypothesis).
– Experimental set-up (20%)
This section will be written in paragraph format and should explain where, when, what, and
how. (1 – 2 paragraphs). All necessary conditions under which the experiment was conducted must
be described explicitly and should allow the reader to replicate the experiment. Clearly describe the
treatments, indicating which treatment(s) is (are) the control(s). Describe materials used to create
the treatments. Explain how data were collected, what measurements were made and what kind of
instrument or equipment used. – Results (25%)
The first part of the results section must include a summary of the results in paragraph
format. The second part should include a graphical representation of the data. Use a graph to show your data. Do not include raw data calculations, here.
– Graphs
Required for all graphs:
 Label the x and y axes.
 Write a descriptive legend for each graph.
o Be sure to state what statistic (mean, mode, standard deviation, range) the bars and
error bars represent and how many replicates were used to calculate the mean.
Example, if there were 10 replicates, the number of replicates would be given as n =
10.
o Define any abbreviations used on the graph.
– Hypothesis Evaluation (25%)
Write a paragraph to evaluate whether the results you obtained are consistent with or not
consistent with the hypothesis you tested. Were the observed results consistent with the expected
ones? The second paragraph will compare your experimental results to the results obtained in the
Technique Lab. This section evaluates the experiment based on the interpretation and meaning of
the results. The third paragraph should relate the results of the study to the broader field of the study.
This section may also include references to primary sources (other research papers).
End your document with a list of references cited. Your Technique Lab document includes a
list of references that you can use as an example for citing your own references. use only the following article: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31659373/
– Spelling and Grammar (10%)
Scientific results are mainly communicated through writing; therefore, your written
summary must be clearly and accurately presented. You should ensure there are no grammatical
errors that distract the reader from understanding the experiment or interpreting the data. Scientific
writing frequently uses the past tense, particularly when the main focus of the writing is to describe
experiments or observations that took place prior to the time of writing.
– Try not to use AI to generate the text for this assignment. If you choose to use AI to
generate portions of the text, be sure to use good prompts and to revise or edit for correctness. If you
turn in an assignment that is nonsensical or includes false/incorrect information, you may lose as
many as 50% of the maximum amount of points you could earn in this assignment. Also, know
that AI makes-up some information, so make sure to check that the references to research articles
are actually true, published, scientific papers, and refer to the information cited.
– No tables
No error bars on graphs (data: control – lawn, control amp – 9 colonies, ice – lawn, ice amp – 4 colonies)
Make sure axes are labeled and include a legend
Graph on excel
Use a primary source that depicts the importance of bacterial resistance (how does it affect human habit)
Include in text citation (last name of first author and the year) (Christaki 2019). also include mla citation at the end of report

QUESTION: The lung and the kidney are both uniquely adapted for excretion. Compa

QUESTION: The lung and the kidney are both uniquely adapted for excretion. Compare and contrast the histological adaptations of each that allow them both to perform this function.
Assignment instructions:
– Long answer question
– please make sure the question is answered correctly and all key points of histological adaptations of both lung and kidney are mentioned
– no more than 400 words
– please use pdf as a guide to answering the question (uploaded- model answer example)
– show references if used

Philip Hilt, author of Protecting America’s Health, contended that three conditi

Philip Hilt, author of Protecting America’s Health, contended that three conditions needed to be in place for sweeping regulatory change to happen. Two are certain by historical record and one is, perhaps, controversial. What are the certain conditions?
What tragedy, in part, prompted the 1938 Food Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act?
The Thalidomide tragedy showed that the regulations being developed in the United States, at the time, were inconsequential and incapable of preventing catastrophic public health crises. Is this statement true or false, and why?
The significant changes to the FD&C Act, brought about the the Kefauver-Harris Amendment, made sure drugs met two clear criteria as a part of their approval. Drugs must be shown to be ____ and ____ before being approved. Previous to this amendment, drugs were only required to be ____ before approval. Fill in the blanks.
Why do YOU think it is important to understand the history of FDA regulation?
The Poison Squad can be considered one of the first clinical trials, started by Dr. Harvey Wiley. The goal of his studies was to determine the health effects of ____. Give several reasons why such an undertaking would not be allowed today.
What’s the difference between a device, a biologic, and a drug?
Understand the difference, and the importance, of the quality attributes of a drug. Convince yourself of ways that a drug could be either (or both) unsafe or ineffective if any one of those attributes were not met.
Why is it a worthwhile exercise to consider something like herbal remedies in the context of the quality attributes and the treatment of human disease?

QUESTION: The lung and the kidney are both uniquely adapted for excretion. Compa

Access the online film by PBS entitled “PBS Nova The Miracle of Life (1983) You

Access the online film by PBS entitled “PBS Nova The Miracle of Life (1983) You may also search the Internet for the title of the film if this link is broken or will not open for you.
Allow sufficient time to view the film. It is almost 1 hour in length.
Answer the following 20 questions pertaining to the film as you watch
As the narrator indicates, making a human is no simple feat. As embryos, we all started off as a single cell. How many cells ultimately complete the human body?
In what way(s) does bacterial DNA reproduction look different from that of humans? How does this benefit or provide advantages to humans?
How many new sperm does a man produce per second? Per day? In his lifetime?
Suggest a reason why a male produces so many sperm.
What is the name of the process that results in an egg or sperm cell? How does this process generate genetic variety, ensuring no 2 sperm or egg cells are genetically identical?
Why is genetic diversity a good thing for the human race?
When do males create sperm cells? When do women create egg cells?
Once in the fallopian tubes, what is the window of time within which an egg cell must be fertilized or else it will die?
The typical ejaculate is approximately 1 teaspoon in volume. How many sperm cells is this estimated to contain?
Is the vaginal environment hospitable to sperm? Why or why not?
In what way(s) is the female responsible for helping sperm reach their ultimate goal, the egg cell?
How does a sperm cell get through the outermost barrier of an egg cell, the zona pellucida?
Even after an egg is fertilized by the sperm, it is estimated that what percentage of all fertilized eggs fail to develop?
Define the term blastocyst.
Describe the process of gastrulation.
If all the cells in our bodies contain the same DNA, why don’t all cells look and function exactly alike? Feel free to use specific examples from the film.
How does a gene get turned on?
At what point in development is an embryo referred to as a “fetus, and how big is it at this point?”
What crucial events take place during the last trimester of development?
Write a short paragraph which emphasizes something new you have learned from the film.

• This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeInitial Post • Post was publishe

• This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeInitial Post
• Post was publishe

• This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeInitial Post
• Post was published with sufficient details and on time, posted by Thursday of Module. Clear articulation of ideas and concepts related to the discussion topic. Depth of analysis and critical thinking demonstrated.
• Post was published with sufficient details and on time, posted by Due Date of Module. Ability to draw meaningful conclusions and implications from the discussion. Actively engaging with peer’s ideas, encouraging further dialogue.
Quality of work showed: Demonstrated depth of thought and analysis in responses, Ability to draw meaningful conclusions and implications from the discussion, and overall clarity and organization of ideas

• This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeInitial Post • Post was publishe

• This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeInitial Post
• Post was publishe

Introduction (20 points) Introduction follows the suggestions provided for an ac

Introduction (20 points)
Introduction follows the suggestions provided for an ac

Introduction (20 points)
Introduction follows the suggestions provided for an academic paper
Erroneous information is not provided
You include in-text citations that are properly formated
The in-text citations provided are used to demonstrate previous studies or knowledge that is important for the reader to understand
You have demonstrated your ability to “funnel” information from the specific to the general
You include a separate paragraph explaining your research, its goals and purposes, and its application
Methods (10 points)
Methods section follows the suggestions provided for an academic paper
You have provided answers to the “where” and “when” and “how” you research was done
The methods sections does not sound or is written similar to a course lab report
Results (10 points)
Results section follows the suggestions provided for an academic paper
Only results are presented in this section
Results provided detail the measurements, observations, and trends of your research
In presenting your results, you refer the reader to your tables and figures properly
Discussion (20 points)
Your discussion section provides your interpret ion of the results presented in that section
Your discussion includes other references
Your discussion section address how your results are similar or different to other researchers that you have reviewed previously (as in your Annotated Bibliography)
References Cited (10 points)
All references that are referred to in-text are found in the References Cited section of your paper
All references that are included in the References Cited section of your paper are found in-text also
All references are formatted correctly following the Southwestern Naturalist guidelines for formatting
References are listed in alphabetical order
You have not simply cut and pasted your Annotated Bibliography into the research paper
Tables and Figures (10 points)
All tables and figures are presented on separate pages
All tables are provided with a proper title
All figures are provided with a proper title
All tables and figures have been edited and presented as similarly found in scientific papers
The data in the tables and figures are well organized and meaningful
Tables and figures are not simply cut and pasted from excel or other program
Overall Academic Writing (10 points)
Your work represents days of writing and editing thoroughly and adheres to the instructions and discussions on material presented
You demonstrate that you have considered, adopted, and/or avoided pitfall as detailed in the Compendium of Corrections, that has examples of common mistakes students make in their research paper and suggests way to improve material
You demonstrate that the paper has been edited thoroughly and has improved with each edit. Editing is not just reviewing you paper once, rather it requires several reviews by you and possibly other students (in this class). Unfortunately, the Writing Center will not be much help in meeting the expectations of academic writing in this course
You MUST prepare your paper and its sections as a scientific article. Here is formatting and style information:
Do not prepare your paper in columns
Use a serif font (Times New Roman) at 11 or 12 point
Do not worry about the number of pages your research paper must be. It depends on your topic and thoroughness of presentation. Obviously, you will have multiple pages.
Single space or Double space your sentences
Indent paragraphs
Proofread your papers- pay attention to commas in prepositional phrases
Provide page numbers- just put them on the bottom of the page, centered
Your paper should have a title (boldfaced) and your name centered
Cite referneces in-text properly (you may loose an entire grade for not doing this correctly)
Provide your references in the References Cited section of your paper properly formatted after the Southwestern Naturalist (you may loose an entire grade for not doing this correctly). Anytime you cite references in-text, provide a References Cited section
Figures and Tables should be on separate pages at the end of your paper
All scientific names must be in intalics. This includes references cited.
Pay attention to the Compendium of Corrections I have provided. These are the most common mistakes and things that students need to know. For example, do not use any contractions in your writing. Doesn’t= Does not
Format your references- do not just attach or cut and paste your annotated bilbliography. List only those references that you cite in-text.

Introduction (20 points) Introduction follows the suggestions provided for an ac

Introduction (20 points)
Introduction follows the suggestions provided for an ac

Cells or individual cell lines can be grown in the laboratory, but how about tis

Cells or individual cell lines can be grown in the laboratory, but how about tissues and organs? Watch the TED talk on bioengineering by Anthony Atala below on growing new organs and discuss the ethical guidelines you would think are needed (narrow or wide, innovation enabling) based on our ability to genetically modify organisms (GMO), cloning animals or growing synthetic tissues in the laboratory. give one primary post and one response to the discussion posted by others. https://www.ted.com/talks/anthony_atala_growing_new_organs
discussion to respond The proper research is necessary for Regenerative medicine, but it definitely plays a major role in biomedicine. The amount of patient lives that can improve is very promising. The guidelines that I believe are necessary would-be the measurable effects, such as risks, side effects, and safety concerns associated. But also, the effects on behavior, experiences, moral values, and social structures should also be considered. Malpractice is always the top concern but as long as it is being used for its intended purposes without putting people in harm it could make it very rewarding to humanity.