The Genetic Code: This phrase refers to the set of rules by which information e
The Genetic Code: This phrase refers to the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA) is translated into proteins or other molecules within living cells. It’s the fundamental mechanism through which genetic information is stored, transferred, and expressed in organisms.
Genetics – Discussion Group 4
These are the instructions for this assignment.
Yo
Genetics – Discussion Group 4
These are the instructions for this assignment.
Your task is to create a visual representation that illustrates the immune system’s and genetics’s relationship. You can draw a diagram, create an infographic, or even design a comic strip highlighting key concepts and interactions.
Consider the following questions as you create your visual representation:
How do genetic factors influence the functioning of the immune system?
What role does the immune system play in protecting against genetic diseases or disorders?
Are any specific genes or genetic mutations closely associated with immune system function or dysfunction?
How do environmental factors interact with genetic predispositions to impact immune system health?
Your drawing should showcase your understanding of these complex topics and serve as a springboard for discussion among your peers. Be prepared to explain your choices and interpretations when you share your work on the discussion board.
Genetics – Discussion Group 4
These are the instructions for this assignment.
Yo
Genetics – Discussion Group 4
These are the instructions for this assignment.
Your task is to create a visual representation that illustrates the immune system’s and genetics’s relationship. You can draw a diagram, create an infographic, or even design a comic strip highlighting key concepts and interactions.
Consider the following questions as you create your visual representation:
How do genetic factors influence the functioning of the immune system?
What role does the immune system play in protecting against genetic diseases or disorders?
Are any specific genes or genetic mutations closely associated with immune system function or dysfunction?
How do environmental factors interact with genetic predispositions to impact immune system health?
Your drawing should showcase your understanding of these complex topics and serve as a springboard for discussion among your peers. Be prepared to explain your choices and interpretations when you share your work on the discussion board.
Genetics – Discussion Group 4
These are the instructions for this assignment.
Yo
Genetics – Discussion Group 4
These are the instructions for this assignment.
Your task is to create a visual representation that illustrates the immune system’s and genetics’s relationship. You can draw a diagram, create an infographic, or even design a comic strip highlighting key concepts and interactions.
Consider the following questions as you create your visual representation:
How do genetic factors influence the functioning of the immune system?
What role does the immune system play in protecting against genetic diseases or disorders?
Are any specific genes or genetic mutations closely associated with immune system function or dysfunction?
How do environmental factors interact with genetic predispositions to impact immune system health?
Your drawing should showcase your understanding of these complex topics and serve as a springboard for discussion among your peers. Be prepared to explain your choices and interpretations when you share your work on the discussion board.
Why are parent-child relationships always exactly 50%, without a range? (Note th
Why are parent-child relationships always exactly 50%, without a range? (Note this chart, like most DTCGT, is working with autosomes, aka chromosomes 1-22.)
Can you tell from DNA comparison who is the child and who is the parent? (Companies might use other user data collected at sign up to decide for sure.)
Why is there a range around the relationship between full siblings?
Are the full siblings on average as closely related as parent-child?
What are ¾ siblings? (Why does the chart say they are a “combination of half siblings and first cousins”?)
Is your answer in the previous question the same thing as incest, or is it a different way that families get complicated?
What are double first cousins? Is that incest, or is it a different way that families get complicated?
If you find fully identical regions in comparing two people, could you rule out half-siblings who share only one parent in common, assuming that their other nonshared parents were not related?
What second-degree relatives are as closely related as a half-sibling, and indistinguishable from looking at genetic relatedness alone?
How could you (or a DTCGT company algorithm) use age to try tell the difference between the answers to the previous question? Is that always effective or certain?
Now, read through the narratives of (real life) scenarios where people discovered surprising information about close-relative relationships as a result of direct-to-consumer genetic testing: attached
If any of the scenarios is too personally sensitive, feel free to skip it. You need to read enough of these to be able to compare/contrast and find themes, which you can do if you opt out of some.
11. Did people in these narratives overall seem prepared or unprepared to find these relationships when they ordered the test? Did prior education seem to help people expect these results?
12. How were the unexpected relative findings initially received by the people who ordered them — any common reaction patterns?
13. Do you note any differences between shorter-term and longer-term reactions to discovering the unexpected genetic relationships? (Consider the souring of relationship in scenario 8 in particular.)
14. Does the situation uncovered by DNA testing always involve someone deliberately hiding information?
15. When you compare an individuals’ two redundant chromosomes to each other, and there are long stretches of having inherited the same alleles both maternally and paternally, what could that possibly mean about the nature of the individual’s parentage?
Please answer each question, it does not have too be long but make sure to fully
Please answer each question, it does not have too be long but make sure to fully answer the questions. Absolutely no use of AI!
1) to determine what kinds
of mutations occur in a gene and two adjacent spacers
1) to determine what kinds
of mutations occur in a gene and two adjacent spacers, 2) to
compare mutation rates of the gene and spacers to see if they
differ and if they conform to expectations, and 2) determine
relationships among a small group of three species using their
DNA sequences
the links for the DNA sequences:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MZ061862.1?re…,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MZ061863.1?report=fasta,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MZ788653.1?report=fasta.
Highlight all three of the sequences in the text file andcopy them; make sure that you do not copy any blank lines orspaces before or after them.B. Go to www.ebi.ac.uk/C. The name of the alignment program you will use is “Muscle.”Click on “Services” at the top of the EMBL-EBI page, enter theprogram’s name into the search field, click on the Search button,and click on the program’s name in the one result you should get.D. On the Muscle page, paste your copied sequences into thespace provided at “Input sequence”. Then scroll to the bottom andclick on the “Submit” button (you do not need to change anythingin “Parameters”).E. After a few minutes (or less) the alignment tool will finishand you will see your aligned sequences in a fancy color-codedformat. Click on “Tool Output” to see the sequences in adownloadable form and click on “Download”. You will get a textfile of the aligned sequences; this is the document that willbecome your Figure 1.F. Determine which species corresponds to each of the threesequences in the aligned text file by comparing the Genbankaccession numbers in the two text files Add up the total number of mutations (point mutations andindels) in the first spacer. Then do the same for the 5.8S gene,and then for the second spacer
Calculate the mutation rate (average number of mutations pernucleotide position) for each of the three regions. To get themutation rate, divide the total number of mutations in the regionby the length of the region.F. Based on differences among the sequences, determine howclosely related the three species are to each other. This is doneby making three pairwise comparisons among the sequences (firstand second, first and third, second and third). In each pairwisecomparison, determine how similar the two sequences are bycounting how many DNA sequence differences there are between them(include both point mutations and indels)
Introduction. Should include some basic backgroundinformation on DNA and mutations and a statement of the objectives of the assignment . Methods and Materials. Describe what you did. You need toinclude enough detail that someone else should be able to do theexperiment the same way you did.D. A combined Results and Discussion section. This sectionshould describe all your results and conclusions. It shouldcontain the following things:1. The aligned length of each spacer and of the 5.8S gene.2. The total number of mutations in each of the threeregions.3. a) How many mutations in each region are transitions,transversions, and indels, and b) based on what you have learnedabout molecular evolution, whether the relative numbers oftransitions and transversions conform to expectations.4. a) The mutation rate for each region, b) a comparison ofmutation rates of the gene and the spacers, and c) based on whatyou have learned about molecular evolution, whether the relativegene and spacer mutation rates conform to expectations.5. The results of the three pairwise comparisons, and therelationships among the three species suggested by the pairwisecomparisons (how closely and how distantly they are related toone another).E. One figure. It should contain a printout of the threealigned sequences with the boundaries of the two spacers and the5.8S gene marked. It should also have a caption describing whatit contains and identifying which species each sequencecorresponds to
1) to determine what kinds
of mutations occur in a gene and two adjacent spacers
1) to determine what kinds
of mutations occur in a gene and two adjacent spacers, 2) to
compare mutation rates of the gene and spacers to see if they
differ and if they conform to expectations, and 2) determine
relationships among a small group of three species using their
DNA sequences
the links for the DNA sequences:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MZ061862.1?re…,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MZ061863.1?report=fasta,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MZ788653.1?report=fasta. Add up the total number of mutations (point mutations andindels) in the first spacer. Then do the same for the 5.8S gene,and then for the second spacer
Calculate the mutation rate (average number of mutations pernucleotide position) for each of the three regions. To get themutation rate, divide the total number of mutations in the regionby the length of the region.F. Based on differences among the sequences, determine howclosely related the three species are to each other. This is doneby making three pairwise comparisons among the sequences (firstand second, first and third, second and third). In each pairwisecomparison, determine how similar the two sequences are bycounting how many DNA sequence differences there are between them(include both point mutations and indels)
Introduction. Should include some basic backgroundinformation on DNA and mutations and a statement of the objectives of the assignment . Methods and Materials. Describe what you did. You need toinclude enough detail that someone else should be able to do theexperiment the same way you did.D. A combined Results and Discussion section. This sectionshould describe all your results and conclusions. It shouldcontain the following things:1. The aligned length of each spacer and of the 5.8S gene.2. The total number of mutations in each of the threeregions.3. a) How many mutations in each region are transitions,transversions, and indels, and b) based on what you have learnedabout molecular evolution, whether the relative numbers oftransitions and transversions conform to expectations.4. a) The mutation rate for each region, b) a comparison ofmutation rates of the gene and the spacers, and c) based on whatyou have learned about molecular evolution, whether the relativegene and spacer mutation rates conform to expectations.5. The results of the three pairwise comparisons, and therelationships among the three species suggested by the pairwisecomparisons (how closely and how distantly they are related toone another).E. One figure. It should contain a printout of the threealigned sequences with the boundaries of the two spacers and the5.8S gene marked. It should also have a caption describing whatit contains and identifying which species each sequencecorresponds to
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to thi
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to this question from any other website since I am already well aware of this. I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure that the answer comes up with way less than 18% on Studypool’s internal plagiarism checker since anything above this is not acceptable according to Studypool’s standards. I will not accept answers that are above this standard.
No AI or Chatbot! I will be sure to check this.
there are a few question that require 3-4 lines answer for each question.
Requirements: 3-4 Lines for Each Question Times New Roman Size 12 Font Double-Spaced APA Format Excluding the Title and Reference Pages
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to this question from any other website since I am already well aware of this. I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure that the answer comes up with way less than 18% on Studypool’s internal plagiarism checker since anything above this is not acceptable according to Studypool’s standards. I will not accept answers that are above this standard.
No AI or Chatbot! I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure to carefully follow the instructions.
No plagiarism & No Course Hero & No Chegg. The assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Please be sure to include at least one in-text citation per question answer.
Please be sure to use credible or scholalry sources published within the last 5 years.
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to thi
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to this question from any other website since I am already well aware of this. I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure that the answer comes up with way less than 18% on Studypool’s internal plagiarism checker since anything above this is not acceptable according to Studypool’s standards. I will not accept answers that are above this standard.
No AI or Chatbot! I will be sure to check this.
there are a few question that require 3-4 lines answer for each question.
Requirements: 3-4 Lines for Each Question Times New Roman Size 12 Font Double-Spaced APA Format Excluding the Title and Reference Pages
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to this question from any other website since I am already well aware of this. I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure that the answer comes up with way less than 18% on Studypool’s internal plagiarism checker since anything above this is not acceptable according to Studypool’s standards. I will not accept answers that are above this standard.
No AI or Chatbot! I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure to carefully follow the instructions.
No plagiarism & No Course Hero & No Chegg. The assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Please be sure to include at least one in-text citation per question answer.
Please be sure to use credible or scholalry sources published within the last 5 years.