Category: Public health

Write about the Major Health Challenges (5 paragraphs total) facing democratic of congo: In no more than 1 paragraph each, briefly address the overall burden of mortality and morbidity due to each of the following sectors as well as identifying specific challenges that democratic of congo faces within each sector. Please write about these sectors as subsections in your paper so that they are easily identifiable.
● Non-Communicable Disease
● Maternal and Child Health
● Environmental Health
● Disaster, Injury, and Violence
Make sure to use in text citations and please make the essay flow, refer to example
double spaced, times new roman, 12 point font and here is an example from the professor – her example is about India
Maternal and Child Health
There is no doubt that maternal health is a large-scale issue in third-world countries. In
201, a WHO study showed that India had the second-highest maternal mortality rate globally,
constituting 15% of the mortality rate worldwide (Ghosh & Ghosh, 2020). In rural villages, the
government in India fails to provide basic essential services for women to have healthy
pregnancies and deliveries. Women in these communities do not have access to proper shelter,
nutritious food, clean water, and bathroom facilities. The leading cause of maternal deaths in
these villages is malnutrition and infectious diseases. The lack of hospitals and doctors in these
areas contribute to high mortality rates in mothers and their newborns (Every Mother Counts,
2020). When it comes to urban cities, mothers do not always have access to government
hospitals because of overpopulation in the city and the lack of hospital resources. Women are
often receiving little to no postpartum care. Private practice is an option; however, this is not
affordable for everyone.
As a result of the lack of resources in hospitals, unfortunately, many mothers’ only option
is home birth where they will not have the life-saving help if something goes wrong and this puts
their own and newborn’s life at risk. Some life-threatening problems include “excessive bleeding, infections, pregnancy-induced hypertension, obstructed labor, and unsafe abortions.”
(Population Reference Bureau, 2003). Pre and Postpartum medical care is highly recommended
by health professionals globally. The mother and child must be both given checkups and are
monitored before and after delivery to make sure they are both healthy and are not at risk.
Maternal health has made huge strides within the last 2 to 3 decades in India. Governments are
implementing standards and programs like UNICEF to help install policies and regulations that
made it possible for the maternal and newborn mortality rates to significantly drop. (UNICEF)
“India showed a decline of 70% in maternal mortality, from 152,000 in 1990 to 45,000 in 2015.”
(Ghosh, 2020) Hopefully, with more awareness and resources, we will see the rates decline even
further.
Non-communicable Diseases
In the last few decades, India’s gap in health disparities amongst the rich and the poor has
widened significantly. There is a direct relationship between health-related changes and the
rising burden of non-communicable diseases. Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause
of death in India, constituting nearly 80% of deaths in India (Pandve, 2012). According to WHO,
approximately 5.8 million people, equivalent to 1 in 4, die from non-communicable diseases before they reach the age of 70 (World Health Organization [WHO], 2015). Between the years
1990 and 2016, the burden of non-communicable diseases in India has increased almost 30%
(Public Health Foundation of India [PHFI], 2018). Four non-communicable diseases contributing
most to the deaths in India are heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic pulmonary disease.
The known determinants of non-communicable diseases include tobacco use, alcohol use,
unhealthy diets, and light/sedentary lifestyles (Narain, 2016). As India continues to experience
growing disparities between the rich and the poor, it poses more damaging health and social consequences from infectious diseases. Non-communicable diseases affect those living in rural
areas and less developed states the most, generally progressing very slowly from physiological,
environmental, and behavioral factors. Most of the disease burden in less developed countries
finds its roots in the consequences of poverty, resulting in poor nutrition, lack of access to proper
sanitation, health education, health access, and health facilities. These challenges that India faces
all contribute to the continual rise of non-communicable diseases everywhere in India.
Environmental Health
The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) out of Yale University ranks and evaluates
180 countries in terms of environmental health and sustainability practices. Due to its chronic air
pollution and poor sanitation issues, India ranks last on the EPI list. Air pollution in India kills
1.1 million people a year, as of 2018; 75 percent of these victims live in rural areas, despite smog
and pollution mostly being created in dense urban areas. (Health Issues India, 2018).
Furthermore, of the ten greatest polluted cities in the world, nine of them are in India (The
Lancet, 2020). Delhi, the capital city, ranks number 11. Aside from air pollution, for water and
sanitation, India also fell low on the Environmental Performance Index, at 145; for wastewater
treatment, it ranks 175. (Health Issues India, 2018).
In addition to these chronic environmental issues, which impact the health of citizens,
India’s diverse geography and broad borders make it vulnerable to a host of environmental health
crises relating to climate change. Between 1980 and 2017, for example, 10% of the glaciated
area of the Nanda Devi region, in the Central Himalayas, melted. A study done in 57 Indian
cities show that, by the late 2030s onwards, 33 cities will experience more rainfall and flooding
risks, while the other 24 will be more susceptible to low precipitation and drought. The mega-city Mumbai is one of the 33 cities most threatened by coastal flooding. (Kaur & Pandey,
2021). Though these issues are direct products of climate change, problems lie also in the
sustainability and efficiency of India’s air and water filtration systems. Since it ranks so low on
the EPI, the country faces many challenges to its environmental health.
Disaster, Injury, and Violence
Natural disasters are common occurrences in India that arise from location and climate.
From 1970 to 2009, India experienced 371 natural disasters, affecting 1.86 billion people, and
ranks India very high on the Climate Risk Index (Chowdhury, 2020). The severity of the
disasters worsens by the poverty levels and lack of resources in many regions. The severe effects
of natural disasters on families lead to more than just loss of life and injury, but also serious
mental health effects, including anxiety, depression, and PTSD (Dikid et al, 2013). Significant
impacts are more commonly seen in children who experience natural disasters and riots in their
lives. Children will witness the loss of their homes, siblings, and parents, leading to PTSD
symptoms and anxiety. In the riots in India, many personal losses are experienced by families
which leads to socioeconomic stress as well (Dikid et al., 2013). Children who experience
natural disasters experience greater malnutrition, less immunization, and growth stunting
following the disaster events. They also increase the likelihood of children developing acute
illness by a significant amount (Datar et al., 2013).
India also has a high level of domestic violence and child mortality in families. There is
also a significant correlation between domestic violence during pregnancy and infant mortality in
India. Women who experience domestic violence tend to have much lower rates of maternal
health care, in turn decreasing infant survival rates (Ahmed et al., 2006). Another common area
of violence in India is in the medical workplace itself. The majority of doctors in India experience workplace violence. The violence against doctors is most commonly related to the
quality of treatment that the patient was given, and the violence is done by the families of the
patients. This abuse to doctors decreases the management of severe medical cases in India, which
hurts the quality of patient health care (Ahamed, 2020).

**Introduction after that the following
Introduction
Definition
Principles of

**Introduction after that the following
Introduction
Definition
Principles of Counseling
Who Should be Counseled?
Types of Counseling
Phases of Counseling
Attributes and Skills Required for a Counselor
Guidelines for Successful Counseling
Techniques/Approaches to Counseling
Areas of Counseling
Counseling in the Hospital
Counseling in Health care setting
• Reference(source were cited properly with APA style included 3 reference and the doctor wil look for content which I mentioned above)
organization (assignment with cover page ,font of 12 times new roman ) space in 1.5between lines margin on .
– quality-( main points wel developed creatively with high supporting details like adding examples ,pictures and graphs ( more than 3 details)
information-language-plagiarism-please do not copy and you can rephrase the sentence
I need also cover page in the beginning with the topic and my name is asma alsuliman and date Course name is psychology (psyc310)

Hello this is the final piece to this project, I am going to attach all the piec

Hello this is the final piece to this project, I am going to attach all the pieces of this paper and I need it all put together and the last part of it to be finished please. I will also attach all parts to the paper and the final rubric
Submit your final project. It should be a complete, polished artifact containing all of the critical elements of the final product. It should reflect the incorporation of feedback gained throughout the course.

Hello I have submitted all of the modules for this paper I just need you to put

Hello I have submitted all of the modules for this paper I just need you to put it all together and complete the end per the rubric. I have attached off the pieces to the paper and the rubric please follow thank you so much
Submit your final project, the research concept paper. It should include revisions to your three final project milestones based on instructor feedback. Note that you your final paper should include the following:
A brief introduction outlining the purpose and objectives of the paper
A reasonable outline for implementing your study design, including a general timeline, location, and the tools and resources you will use to collect data (Critical Element III, Section C , which you studied in Module Six)
An explanation of how you will disseminate the results of your research to inform future public strategies concerning your topic (Critical Element III, Section D, which is covered in this module)
A concluding section (Critical Element IV), where you summarize how your research as a whole will inform public health strategies for improving population health

This paper assignment is a follow-up to a previously written paper. Please make

This paper assignment is a follow-up to a previously written paper. Please make sure to read the highlighted sections in the attachment below and also review the rubric.

This discussion can be about any specific health problem any specific population

This discussion can be about any specific health problem any specific population except for Preventing diabetes among native Hawaiians, HIV/AIDS prevention in South Africa, Breast cancer among Latinas and Cigarette smoking among American Indians.

Written Assignment
Epidemiologists examine how and where disease outbreaks begin

Written Assignment
Epidemiologists examine how and where disease outbreaks begin, how they are transmitted, and how to prevent future outbreaks to improve the overall health of the public.
The United States Bureau of Labor and Statistics expects epidemiologist employment to rise significantly between now and 2028. Here are a few leading ones to consider:
Academic research Applied Epidemiologist Climate Health Epidemiologist
Clinical Trial Research Disaster Epidemiologist Epidemiology Investigator
Management and Administration Professor of Epidemiology Field Epidemiology
Clinical Epidemiologist Molecular Epidemiologist Infection Control Preventionist
Pharmaceutical Epidemiologist Statistician/Analyst Veterinary Epidemiologist
Communicable disease Nurse Risk Management Policy Analyst
Your assignment is to choose a career in epidemiology to research. You may use one from the list provided or one from another source that may interest you more. Once you have chosen a career to explore, you will answer the following questions:
1. How much education is required?
2. Where would they work? (In a hospital, for the state, the CDC, etc.)
3. What are the salary expectations?
4. Would travel be involved?
5. What are the personal health or personal risks involved in this career?
6. What ethical issues might arise in this type of career?
7. What laws or licensing agencies govern this field of epidemiology?
8. Why do you feel this would be an interesting or challenging career?
9. How does the career align with associated jobs in Public Health, such as social work?
10. Does this career offer an avenue for further advancement in the field?

The title of your assignment should be: “Careers Related to Epidemiology and Public Health.”
Number a Word Document 1-10 and answer each question separately. Skip a space between each answer.
Be thorough but limit your answers to no more than 1-3 sentences.
At the end of your report skip two spaces and Include a reference, even if only your textbook. Make sure it is provided in the proper APA format.
When finished, submit your report for grading.

Grammar, punctuation, spelling, and the quality of your writing will influence your grade.
Check your work to make sure you have addressed each of the nine questions and proofread for errors before submitting.

People often come to public health with the noble goal of making a difference in

People often come to public health with the noble goal of making a difference in the world. This goal is often fueled by a passion tied to a specific health issue or interest, sometimes inspired by personal and/or professional experience. The question then becomes, “How do we use this passion to create tangible change?”
We will explore ways to answer this question of “How do we …create tangible change?” throughout the three components of this project titled Public Health + You.
Part One
For part one, you are tasked with the following:
Identify a health issue of interest (make sure this is something you truly care about) in the U.S. context. State the topic in one sentence. (1 sentence; worth 2 points)
Describe the identified health issue. (1-2 paragraphs; worth 5 points)
To do this, you will need to refer to a reputable source to learn about this health issue/topic. DO NOT cite a peer-reviewed research article for this part of the project–that will come later, and I will provide guidance as to how to read and comprehend research articles.
You should consider consulting the following reputable sources: https://www.cdc.gov/Links to an external site. , https://www.nih.gov/Links to an external site. , https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/Links to an external site. , https://apha.org/Links to an external site. , https://www.heart.org/Links to an external site. , https://diabetes.org/Links to an external site. (This is NOT an exhaustive list of reputable sources–this is to give you an idea of where to start.)
State and explain why this issue matters to you. (1 paragraph; worth 3 points)
Your submission should be at least 1 page but at most two (2) pages (not including the references list). You will lose points if you go below the minimum or above the maximum.

Unit 3 Discussion
Discussion Overview
Please review the Discussion Board Gradin

Unit 3 Discussion
Discussion Overview
Please review the Discussion Board Grading Rubric in the Course Resources.
Each unit, you are required to post one initial response and two replies to your peers and/or professor. Your initial response should be at least 200 words and contain a reference list for the sources used to support your response; the word count minimum excludes the references. The responses to others should be at least 50 words each. Please be sure to cite all of your sources in APA format in accordance with the Discussion Board Grading Rubric.
Topic: Environmental Hazards
After reviewing the instructions for the Unit 3 Assignment and choosing either a Superfund site or sanitary landfill in your community, discuss the potential health risks local residents may experience in relation to the site. What is being done to prevent human exposure to these environmental hazards?
My community is Oahu, Hawaii.
Francis Martinez posted Oct 3, 2024 10:38 PM
Hello class,
The sanitary landfill I chose is based in NYC, which is my community, it’s reported that These landfills cause the bad odor that surrounds the city, according to Liz Donovan from City Limits (2022), “In 2020, 90 percent of the landfill’s capacity was from the five boroughs, the complaint shows. That reflects an increase of 284,392 tons of garbage from New York City in 2015 to 646,744 tons five years later” (Donovan 2022). Unfortunately, the bad odor isn’t the only thing coming out of these landfills, Dust is a very common factor that can cause respiratory issues and damage and also bring lung and heart conditions to the citizens. However, in December of 2022, the Perinton town supervisor announced a five-year plan to reduce the odor transfer the landfill and make sure the trash does not pass its limit, this has effectively been reducing the odor little by little and also these situations have not gone unnoticed by the DEC, which received serval complaints and have been trying to take action and fight against the effect of these landfills. Effectively in 2021-22, the DEC established the Geomembrane cover to some of the acres of the landfill and this has been a strategy that has been working and supported. As a fellow New Yorker, this trash issue is very much true and very disgusting, there are several parts I don’t pass to stop smelling the foul odor and getting nauseous.

REFERENCES:
Donovan L. ( 2022 September 19). Outsourced NYC Trash is causing Never-Ending Odor Event’ Upstate, Lawsuit Alleges. City Limits. https://citylimits.org/2022/09/19/outsourced-nyc-trash-is-causing-a-never-ending-odor-event-upstate-lawsuit-alleges/#:~:text=In%202020%2C%2090%20percent%20of,which%20has%20intervened%20multiple%20times.

Council.gov. NYC. (2024). Table of Contents -New York City Council. By Joseph C. Borelli. Council Member 51st District. https://council.nyc.gov/joseph-borelli/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/2017/05/Landfill-Report-FINAL.pdf
Tyler Sack posted Oct 3, 2024 8:47 PM
Hello everyone,

The supersite I chose to talk about is C&R Battery Co. INC. The Plant is located south of Richmond, VA near the James River. The site was used to dismantle car batteries from vehicles and repurpose the materials. According to (EPA, 2017), the company would cut open the batteries and dump the acid into ponds on the property. The site has had soil and water samples taken to assess the risk to humans and wildlife in the surrounding areas. Although no groundwater was found to be contaminated, these hazards can potentially cause major illnesses if it were to come into contact with the groundwater. If the acid were to get into the groundwater it could cause higher PH levels in the drinking water and have the potential to make the water more corrosive (Shin, 2018). When the acid is exposed to soil, the soil will become more acidic and harm grass or crops growing nearby. C&R battery was removed from the NPL list in 2022 after five-year reviews determined the site no longer posed a threat to the surrounding area. The site now has controls in place set by the EPA to reduce the chance of environmental exposure (EPA, 2017). The controls make it so that strict action must be taken if any future spills happen on the property.

References:

Environmental Protection Agency. (2017, October 20). C & R Battery Co., Inc. site profile. EPA. https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/SiteProfiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=second.Cleanup&id=0302581#bkground.
Shin, D., Kim, Y., & Moon, H. S. (2018, December). Fate and toxicity of spilled chemicals in groundwater and soil environment I: Strong acids. Environmental health and toxicology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6341169/.

Hi again, This is the second to last part of this paper. I hope you can help me

Hi again, This is the second to last part of this paper. I hope you can help me again. I have uploaded the rubric and the last assignment you helped me with. Please let me know if you need anything else.
Submit your draft of the recommendations portion of the final project, Section IV. You will advocate for recommendations to reduce the effects of your selected health issue. Your recommendations must be reasonably achievable and supported by examples from scholarly literature.